Class 11 chapter 1 writing and city life best revision notes
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Following are the notes of chapter 1 of class 11 history writing and city life
Writing and city life
- Began in Mesopotamia
- Mesopotamia is derived from Greek words mesos meaning middle and potamos meaning river
- It is land between two rivers Euphrates and Tigris
- Known for its city life, literature and mathematics
- South
- Urbanised Akkad and Sumer
- After 2000BCE south was also known as Babylonia
- North
- Known as Assyria
- Assyrian established Kingdom in North
First known language Sumerian
- Which is replaced by Akkadian in 2400BCE
- From 1400BCE Aramaic which is similar to Hebrew came into being which was widely spoken after 1000BCE
- In North East had undulating plains where agriculture began b/w 7000BCE - 6000BCE
- In North upland called steppe where animal herding earned better livelihood than agriculture
- In East tributaries of Tigris provide route for communication
- In south a desert where first cities emerged➡ how? ➡ as their tributaries carry silt and deposit it on land as well as act as irrigation canals
- Where economy develop in spheres other that food production
- Continuous interaction need social organisation
- Division of labour is sign of urban life
